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Digestive I

Digestive System: Part I
(Part II will cover the 4 glands: Salivary, Pancreas, Liver, & Gall bladder)

The digestive system is a system of connecting tubes in the body, from the mouth to the anus. 

  1. Cells that make up digestive tract & their function
  2. How these cells, tissues, structures, & organs work in digestion
  3. Unique features of different organs, regions, & structures in the digestive system
  4. Pathology of structures
From slideplayer
The outer layer is either a serosa or adventitia depending on whether it is touching anything or not.
  • Serosa: Within the peritoneal cavity
  • Adventitia: touching another organ in the posterior abdominal wall (retroperitoneal)

  1. Mouth
    1. Lips (and cheeks)
      1. Thin skin part (cutaneous)
        1. Has hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands
      2. Colorized part (Vermillion border/part of the lip we see on the outside)
        1. Very vascular, will have Meissner's corpuscles
      3. Oral part 
        1. The part that touches your teeth
          1. No more keratin
          2. Will have mucous glands
    2. Palates
      1. Hard Palate
        1. Stratified squamous with keratin
      2. Soft Palate
        1. Will have 2 epitheliums depending on which side: mouth or nose side
          1. Mouth side
            1. stratified squamous
          2. Nose side
            1. pseudostratified squamous with cilia & goblet cells
    3. Tonsils
    4. Teeth
      1. Odontoblasts make dentin
      2. Ameloblasts make enamel
        1. No way to regenerate more enamel
    5. Tongue
      1. Filiform Papillae
        1. General sense (sensory nerve)
        2. Anterior 2/3 tongue = cordi tympani innerv. this base
      2. Foliate Papillae
      3. Fungiform Pappilae
        1. Taste buds
      4. Circumvallate Papillae
        1. Form the line you see towards the back of your tongue
          1. Line marks the anterior 2/3 & posterior 1/3 of tongue
        2. Collects food particles (via collecting the saliva)
      5. Taste buds (see above)
  2. Salivary Glands
    1. Secrete saliva into mouth to wash away particulate matter so that you can go from one taste to another
  3. Esophagus
  4. Stomach
    1. Has rugae to allow stomach to stretch
    2. Has 3 parts
      1. Cardiac stomach
      2. Fundic stomach
      3. Pyloric stomach
  5. Small Intestine
    1. Lots of villi
      1. increases surface area for food absorption and adding digestive secretions
    2. Has 3 parts
      1. Duodenum
      2. (Jejunum--hard to tell)
      3. Ileum
  6. (Appendix)
    1. "Blind-ending sac"
    2. Will see crypts in the lamina propria
    3. Will see lymph nodules in the submucosae
  7. Large Intestine (Colon)
    1. No villi
    2. For transporting waste, storing & absorbing water and ions, meaning lots of goblet cells
  8. Rectum
  9. Anal Canal (Anus)
Medical Faculty of Udayana University
Slideshare

Soft Palate, Southern Illinois University

Michigan Medical School


Steph Sadler

From Colostate.edu
Esophagus histopathology moment:Below is a normal esophagus
Potential histopathology of esophagus: Barrett's esophagus (dysplasia of epithelium)
faculty.une.edu



Stomach:
Fundic vs. Pyloric
Fundic: short pits, long glands
Pyloric: long pits, short glands


Small Intestine:
Duodenum, Jejunum, & Ileum
University of Western Australia

University of Western Australia


University of Western Australia


University of Western Australia

University of Western Australia

Slideshare

For comparison, Gastro-Esophageal junction
dnwalcker


1 comment:

  1. Filiberto BegayAugust 20, 2021 at 8:19 AM

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    ReplyDelete